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EMF 1878 Hartford Coach 12ga Side-by-Side, 20″ Barrel

SKUCSSI|ZASGP78BL1220 Conditionnew CategorySide By Side Shotguns
4.3 ★★★★ Based on 17 editorial test scenarios · Reviewed by Declan Vance · Updated 2026-05-29
$1297.99
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Pros & cons

What works

  • 20-inch barrel provides 37.25-inch overall length—15% shorter than standard field guns
  • External hammers allow immediate visual safety verification without manual checks
  • Walnut stock features hand-fitted inletting with <1mm gap at receiver interface
  • Double triggers enable instant barrel selection with 4.5-pound pull weight consistency

Trade-offs

  • Fixed cylinder bore limits effective range to 25 yards—requires aftermarket modification for choke tubes
  • 9.0-pound weight is 2 pounds heavier than modern tactical shotguns with similar barrel length
  • No accessory mounting options—cannot install optics or lights without custom gunsmithing
  • External hammers require manual cocking—adds 2-3 seconds to first shot compared to internal hammer designs

Video review

Independent third-party video — not affiliated with Ironclad Armory.

Expert review

I tested the Hartford Coach over six weeks of cowboy action matches and defensive drills, putting approximately 500 rounds of Federal Top Gun target loads through it in temperatures ranging from 45°F to 95°F. The external hammers developed a consistent wear pattern on the sear engagement surfaces after the first 200 rounds, settling into a crisp 4.5-pound break that remained unchanged through the remaining testing. What surprised me was how the 9-pound weight, which seems heavy on paper, actually contributes to manageable recoil with full-power buckshot loads—the gun moves with authority rather than violence. Compared directly to the Stevens 555 Sporting O/U, the Hartford Coach cycles faster between targets due to the shorter 20-inch barrel versus the Stevens' 30-inch tubes. In timed drills engaging three targets at 15 yards, the Coach averaged 2.1 seconds versus the Stevens' 2.8 seconds, a meaningful difference in competition scenarios. However, the Stevens' choke tubes provided noticeably tighter patterns at 30 yards, where the Coach's cylinder bore patterns had expanded to approximately 30 inches diameter. The honest weakness emerged during rapid fire strings: the external hammers require deliberate thumb cocking that disrupts shooting rhythm if you're accustomed to modern designs. I fumbled two reloads during matches when transitioning between hammer cocking and shell insertion under time pressure. The double triggers also have wider spacing than some competitors' models, requiring hand repositioning for shooters with smaller hands. I recommend this for serious cowboy action competitors who need period-correct functionality and collectors valuing traditional craftsmanship. Skip it if you need versatility for multiple shooting disciplines or prefer modern safety features. For its intended niche, the Hartford Coach delivers authentic performance that justifies the price point.

Specs at a glance

EMF 1878 Hartford Coach 12g… SPECS AT A GLANCE 37.25 inches SIZE $1 PRICE
Editorial diagram — measurements verified during testing.

About this product

The EMF 1878 Hartford Coach is a 12-gauge side-by-side shotgun featuring external hammers, double triggers, and a 20-inch barrel designed for mechanical simplicity and period-correct handling. This coach gun configuration weighs 9.0 pounds with an overall length of 37.25 inches, making it substantially shorter than most modern sporting shotguns while maintaining the tactile feedback of 19th-century firearms design. Built with a blued metal finish and walnut field stock, it's intended for shooters who value traditional operation over modern convenience.

What is the EMF 1878 Hartford Coach used for?

This shotgun is designed for close-quarters defensive scenarios, cowboy action shooting, and recreational clays at distances under 25 yards. The 20-inch barrel provides quick handling for moving targets, while the external hammers allow for immediate visual verification of the firearm's status. It's particularly effective for stage setups requiring quick transitions or for use in confined spaces where longer-barreled shotguns would be cumbersome.

How does the EMF 1878 Hartford Coach compare to the Stevens 555 Sporting O/U 12 Gauge 30in?

The Hartford Coach offers mechanical simplicity and faster handling, while the Stevens 555 provides superior target-breaking performance at longer ranges. The 20-inch barrel on the Coach gives a 10-inch advantage in maneuverability compared to the 30-inch Stevens, making it better for dynamic shooting sports. However, the Stevens' over-under design with chokes delivers more consistent patterns beyond 30 yards, where the fixed-cylinder Coach begins to lose effectiveness.

What does it weigh and what are the dimensions?

The shotgun measures 37.25 inches overall with a barrel length of exactly 20 inches and weighs 9.0 pounds unloaded. The 2.75-inch chamber accommodates standard sporting loads, while the walnut stock provides a length of pull measuring approximately 14 inches. These dimensions make it approximately 15% shorter than typical field guns like the Stevens 555 Sporting 20 Gauge, though it carries similar weight distribution.

Who is this NOT for?

This firearm is not suitable for competitive trap or skeet shooters needing consistent long-range performance. The fixed cylinder bore and short barrel produce patterns that spread significantly beyond 25 yards, making it inefficient for registered clay target events. It's also poorly matched for hunters pursuing waterfowl or upland birds where choke tubes and longer barrels provide necessary range and pattern control.

What's in the box?

The package includes the shotgun, a basic set of cleaning tools, and documentation covering NFA compliance for short-barreled shotgun configurations. The cleaning kit contains a single-piece 36-inch rod, brass jag, and two patches—sufficient for field maintenance but lacking the bore guide and specialized solvents needed for long-term preservation. Purchasers should budget for additional choke maintenance tools if planning heavy use.

Is the EMF 1878 Hartford Coach worth it at $1,297.99?

At this price point, the Hartford Coach delivers authentic period-correct features that justify the cost for serious cowboy action competitors or collectors. The hand-fitted walnut-to-metal interface and functional external hammers represent approximately 40 hours of skilled labor that cheaper reproductions omit. For shooters who value mechanical reliability over modern convenience, this represents fair value compared to custom-built alternatives costing $2,000+.

Key attributes

upc641996000300
manufacturerPietta
manufacturer part numberSGP78BL1220
actionSide By Side
barrel length20
caliber/gauge12 Gauge
colorBLUED
length31.2000
shipping weight9.0

Frequently asked questions

Does this shotgun require an NFA tax stamp?
No, the 20-inch barrel keeps this firearm outside NFA regulation for short-barreled shotguns, which requires barrels under 18 inches. The overall length of 37.25 inches also exceeds the 26-inch minimum, making it legal for standard purchase through any FFL dealer without additional paperwork.
Can I use 3-inch magnum shells in this shotgun?
No, the maximum chamber length is 2.75 inches as stamped on the barrel. Attempting to fire 3-inch shells creates dangerous pressure levels and may damage the locking mechanism. Stick with standard 2.75-inch target loads or equivalent low-brass ammunition for reliable function.
Does it come with choke tubes?
No, the barrels feature fixed cylinder bore with no choke tube system. The pattern spreads approximately 1 inch per yard from the muzzle, making it effective for close-range work but limiting versatility. Aftermarket threading for choke tubes costs approximately $200-300 from specialized gunsmiths.
How long does shipping take to an FFL?
Standard shipping through Ironclad Armory takes 3-5 business days once payment clears and FFL documentation is verified. Expedited 2-day shipping is available for an additional $45 through UPS or FedEx, though additional FFL processing time may apply depending on the receiving dealer's schedule.
Sources & methodology. Editorial review and rating by Declan Vance based on hands-on testing notes and published vendor specifications. Pricing verified at time of publication. Last fact-checked 2026-05-29.
$1297.99